Câu 5 trang 50 SGK Hóa 12 Nâng cao

Đề bài

Viết các phương trình hóa học điều chế xenlulozơ điaxetat và xenlulozơ triaxetat từ xenlulozơ và anhidrit axetic \({\left( {C{H_3}CO} \right)_2}O\)  có mặt \({H_2}S{O_4}\) biết rằng phản ứng còn sinh ra axit axetic.

Hướng dẫn giải

\(\eqalign{
& {\left[ {{C_6}{H_7}{O_2}{{\left( {OH} \right)}_3}} \right]_n} + 2n{\left( {C{H_3}CO} \right)_2}O\buildrel {t^\circ ,{H_2}S{O_4},d} \over
\longrightarrow \cr
& \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\buildrel {t^\circ ,{H_2}S{O_4},d} \over
\longrightarrow {\left[ {{C_6}{H_7}{O_2}(OH){{\left( {OCO - C{H_3}} \right)}_3}} \right]_n} + 2nC{H_3}COOH \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \cr} \)

xenlulozơ điaxetat

\(\eqalign{
& {\left[ {{C_6}{H_7}{O_2}{{\left( {OH} \right)}_3}} \right]_n} + 3n{\left( {C{H_3}CO} \right)_2}O\buildrel {t^\circ ,{H_2}S{O_4},d} \over
\longrightarrow \cr
& \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\buildrel {t^\circ ,{H_2}S{O_4},d} \over
\longrightarrow {\left[ {{C_6}{H_7}{O_2}{{\left( {OCO - C{H_3}} \right)}_2}} \right]_n} + 3nC{H_3}COOH \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \cr} \)

xenlulozơ triaxetat