1. Chia hỗn hợp M gồm axit hữu cơ...

- Hướng dẫn giải

Phương pháp giải:

Giải chi tiết:

1.

\(\eqalign{
& \mathop {{R_1}COOH{\rm{ }}}\limits_{0,06} + {\rm{ }}NaHC{O_3} \to {\rm{ }}{R_1}COONa{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}\mathop {C{O_2} \uparrow }\limits_{0,04} {\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H_2}O \cr
& \left\{ \matrix{
{R_1}COOH:a \hfill \cr
{R_2}OH:b \hfill \cr} \right. \to \left\{ \matrix{
\buildrel {BTNT\,H} \over
\longrightarrow {n_{H(M)}} = 2{n_{{H_2}}} = > a + b = 0,1 \hfill \cr
\buildrel {C{O_2}:0,06} \over
\longrightarrow a = 0,06 \hfill \cr} \right. \to b = 0,04 \cr
& \left\{ \matrix{
{R_1}COOH:0,06 \hfill \cr
{R_2}OH:0,04 \hfill \cr} \right.\buildrel {H = 75\% } \over
\longrightarrow \underbrace {{R_1}COO{R_2}}_{0,03} \to \left[ \matrix{
C{H_3}COOC{H_3} \to m = 4,88g \hfill \cr
HCOO{C_2}{H_5} \to m = 4,6g \hfill \cr} \right. \cr} \)

2.

\(\eqalign{
& \left\{ \matrix{
{C_2}{H_6}:x \hfill \cr
{C_2}{H_4}O:y \hfill \cr
{C_3}{H_6}{O_2}:z \hfill \cr
{C_4}{H_6}{O_4}:t \hfill \cr} \right. \to \left\{ \matrix{
x + y + z + t = 0,1(1) \hfill \cr
\buildrel {BTNT\,C} \over
\longrightarrow {n_{C(X)}} = {n_{C{O_2}}} \to 2x + 2y + 3z + 4t = 0,25(2) \hfill \cr
\buildrel {BTNT\,H} \over
\longrightarrow {n_{H(X)}} = 2{n_{{H_2}O}} \to 3x + 2y + 3z + 3t = 0,25(3) \hfill \cr} \right. \cr
& \left. \matrix{
\left. \matrix{
(2) \hfill \cr
(3) \hfill \cr} \right\} \to x = t\buildrel {(1)} \over
\longrightarrow y + z + 2t = 0,1 \hfill \cr
\buildrel {BTNT\,O} \over
\longrightarrow \left\{ \matrix{
{n_{O(X)}} + 2{n_{{O_2}}} = 2{n_{C{O_2}}} + {n_{{H_2}O}} \hfill \cr
\to 2y + 2z + 4t + 2{n_{{O_2}}} = 2.0,25 + 0,25 \hfill \cr} \right. \hfill \cr} \right\} \to {n_{{O_2}}} = 0,274 = > V = 6,16lit \cr} \)